TABLE OF CONTENTS
Certification i
Dedication ii
Abstract iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of contents v-vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Objectives 3
1.2 Justification 3
1.3 Research Question 3
1.4 Problem Statement 4
1.5 Limitations of Study 5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review 6
2.1 Problem of Malnutrition in developing Countries 7
2.2 Status of Women in Nigeria 8
2.3 Women’s health and nutritional Status 11
2.4 The role of culture on food habits 13
2.5 Nutrition education and the state of nutrition 13
2.6 Bio availability of Nutrients 14
2.7 Digestion of Nutrients 14
2.8 Absorption of Nutrients 15
2.9 Metabolism and storage of Nutrients 15
2.10 Recommended Nutrient Intake 16
2.11 Nutritive needs of Adults 18
2.12 Influence in the Adult’s Diet 18
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research Methodology 20
3.1. Study Design 20
3.2. Study Area 20
- Data Analysis 20
- Anthropometric Measurement 21
- 24 hrs Diet recall 21
CHAPTER FOUR
Result and Discussion 22
Table 4.1 Socio-demographic Data 23-25
Table 4.2 BMI classification 26
Table 4.3 Body composition 27
Table 4.4 Frequency of meals taken per day 28
Table 4.5 Food habits of the respondent 29
Table 4.6 Self rating of nutrition knowledge 30
Table 4.7 Self rating of food intake over the years 31
Table 4.8 Food consumption pattern 32
Table 4.9 Dietary intake 33
Table 4.10 Intake of supplement (Iron, Antimalaria) 34
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Conclusion 36
5.1 Recommendation 36-37
References 38-39
Vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Nutrition is the science of food, nutrients and other substances, their action, interaction and balance in relation to health and disease and the processes by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs transports, utilizes and excretes food substances.
The development of nutrition made food to be recognized as the fundamental source of nutrients. Food and nutrition are basic human rights because they are necessary for human development.
Malnutrition is the major contribution to illness and diseases in the world. This includes risk factors related to under nutrition, excess consumption of certain diet components (carbohydrates, fat, etc) and low consumption of other food items like fruits and vegetables. Rural dwellers food consumption pattern depends on many factors intervention into the life patterns of the community to which they belong. These factors affect food availability and how each food could be processed and stored.
Food consumption patterns can be defined as the recognizable ways of eating foods rural dwellers tend to adhere to their old eating patterns rather than venturing to seek new and more proper eating habits. In order to maintain healthful diets, a variety and balance of foods from all food groups and moderate consumption of all food items is very important.
Variety in diet implies choosing a number of different foods within any food group, rather than eating the “same old thing” day after day. Food consumption patterns has been observed to be influenced by socio-economic factors including sex, income, occupation, type of house and source of cooking energy, food consumption patterns of the mother prior to conception during pregnancy and lactation affects the reproductive cycle and health of the newborn infant. A mother with poor food consumption patterns has the risk of delivering a baby that is physically and mentally handicapped. Wright and Sims (1987) assert that many complex interacting systems affect man’s food consumption pattern and his consequent state of health. They further explained that natural environment (climate, topography soil conditions etc) determines what food can be produced. The man made environment (technological developments for processing, storing and distribution of food) affects what food will be made available for consumption.
Proper and adequate food consumption patterns is the instrument for achieving other rural developmental goals, most especially those connected to reduction in child mortality and improvements in material health. Primary educational enrolment and achievement, gender equity and the capacity of resist disease, in order to be healthy and active women need to have food in adequate quantity, quality and variety in order to meet energy and nutrient. Consumption patterns of the mother prior to conception and during pregnancy and lactation affects the reproductive cycle and health of the newborn infant. A mother with poor food consumption patterns have the risk of delivery a baby that is physically and mentally handicapped.
Adequate food plays an important role in rural development activities. It ensures their capacity to embark on livelihood activities that is sustainable.
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