TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL PAGE ii
CERTIFICATION iii
DEDICATION iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v
TABLE OF CONTENT vi
LIST OF TABLES ix
LIST OF FIGURES x
ABSTRACT xi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
Background to the Study 1
Statement of the Problem 9
Purpose of the Study 10
Significance of the Study 11
Research Questions 13
Hypotheses 13
Scope of the Study 14
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 15
Conceptual Framework 16
- Fabrics 17
- Utilization 39
- Garment and Styles 54
- Academic and Non Academic female staff 66
Theoretical Framework 72
- Fabric Consumption Theory 72
- Psychological Motivation Fashion Consumption Theory 73
Review of Related Empirical Studies 73
Summary of Literature Review 76
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY 78
Design of the Study 78
Area of the Study 78
Population for the Study 79
Sample and Sampling Technique 79
Instrument for Data Collection 80
Validation of the Instrument 81
Reliability of the Instrument 81
Method of Data Collection 82
Method of Data Analysis 82
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 83
Research Question 1 83
Research Question 2 84
Research Question 3 86
Research Question 4 87
Research Question 5 88
Research Question 6 89
Hypothesis 1 91
Hypothesis 2 92
Hypothesis 3 94
Hypothesis 4 95
Hypothesis 5 96
Findings of Study 98
Discussion of Findings 101
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 107
Re-Statement of the Problem 107
Summary of Procedures Used 109
Summary of major findings 110
Implications of the Study 111
Conclusion 113
Recommendations 113
Suggestions for Further Studies 115
REFERENCES 116
APPENDICES:
Appendix A: Respondents letter 120
Appendix B: Questionnaire 121
Appendix C: Request for validation 125
Appendix D: Reliability of the Instrument 126
Appendix E: Output of Data Analyzed 129
LIST OF TABLES
Table Pages
- Mean ratings and Standard Deviation of Respondents on the Factors
that guide Academic and Non Academic female staff in Enugu State in
selection and Utilization of Fabrics/garment. 83
- Mean ratings and Standard Deviation of Respondents on the Garment styles
Utilized by Academic and Non Academic female staff in Enugu State. 85
- Mean ratings and Standard Deviation of Respondents on the Different
Occasions where Nigerian Fabrics are Utilized Among Academic and
Non Academic female staff in Enugu State 86
- Mean ratings and Standard Deviation of Respondents on the Factors
Affecting Utilization of Garment made with Nigerian Fabrics among
Academic and Non Academic female staff in Enugu State 87
- Mean ratings and Standard Deviation of Respondents on the
Factors Affecting the Quality of Nigerian Fabrics 88
- Mean ratings and Standard Deviation of Respondents on the
Measures to Improve the Utilization of Nigerian Fabrics Among
Academic and Non Academic female staff 90
- t-test Analysis of the mean Ratings of Academic and Non-academic
Academic and Non Academic female staff on the Factors that Guide
their selection and Utilization of Fabrics/Garments 91
- t-test Analysis of the mean Ratings of Academic and Non-academic
Academic and Non Academic female staff on the garment styles
utilized among them. 93
- t-test Analysis of the mean Ratings of Academic and Non-academic
Academic and Non Academic female staff on the different occasions
where Nigerian fabrics are utilized among them. 94
- t-test Analysis of the mean Ratings of Academic and Non-academic
Academic and Non Academic female staff on the factors affecting
utilization of garment made with Nigerian fabrics among them 96
- t-test Analysis of the mean Ratings of Academic and Non-academic
Academic and Non Academic female staff on the factors affecting
utilization of the quality of Nigerian fabrics. 97
LIST OF FIGURE
Fig. 1: Schema of Conceptual Frame work 71
ABSTRACT
The major purpose of this study was to investigate the Utilization of Nigerian fabrics for garment making among Academic and Non Academic female staff in Enugu State.The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The study was carried out using Academic and Non Academic female Staff in government tertiary institutions in Enugu State. Six research questions were developed and answered by the study; and five hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The population of the study was fourteen thousand, eight hundred and forty one (14,841)female academic and non academic staff of government tertiary institutions in Enugu state. A sample of 494 respondents was drawn from the population using purposive and proportionate 5% sampling techniques. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire divided into two sections (A and B). Section A contained questions to elicit information on personal data of the respondents while Section B was developed based on the six research questions. The instrument had a four point rating scale of Strongly agree, Agree, Disagree and Strongly Disagree. The instrument was subjected to face-validation by three experts from the Department of Home Economics and Hospitality Management Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. To establish the reliability of the instrument, thirty (30) copies of questionnaire were trial tested on thirty (30) female workers in Abuja. Cronbach Alpha reliability method was used to establish the internal consistency of the instrument which yielded reliability coefficient of 0.82.The researcher administered and collected instrument with the help of three trained research assistants. Four hundred and ninety four (494) copies of the questionnaire were returned duly completed and formed the basis of analysis. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions that guided the study while t – test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that seven factors guided Academic and Non Academic female staff in selection and utilization of fabrics/garment, four garment styles were utilized by Academic and Non Academic female staff using Nigerian Fabrics and five different occasions where Nigerian fabrics were utilized. The findings of the study also showed six factors affecting utilization of garment made with Nigerian fabrics. The tested hypotheses showed that academic and non-academic Academic and Non Academic female staff differed significantly (p<0.05) in their responses on the factors that guided their selection and utilization of fabrics and also on the different occasions where Nigerian fabrics were utilized in Enugu State. It was found that Academic and Non Academic female staff did not differ significantly (p>0.05) in their responses on the factors affecting utilization of garment made with Nigerian fabrics. It was recommended among others that Tailors and clothing manufacturers should shift from custom made garment to mass produced, quality ready to wear garments. Government should enforce laws intended to reduce the importation of foreign garments and also encourage tailors and fabrics/clothing manufacturers through granting of loans, provision of appropriate machinery, training of staff to mass produce fabrics and garments made from them.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
Utilization of Fabrics has been of considerable research interest. This is because it is the basic material used in construction of garments/clothing which is one of the basic needs of human being Anyakoha and Eluwa (2010). The varied importance of fabrics in daily life can also be understood from its wide usage in furnishing, symbolic communication and commerce. They are also indispensable to industry, agriculture, transportation, space exploration, health services and other areas. It has been source of economic growth to many countries that are into growing of fibres and manufacture of fabrics. These fabrics are being formed through combination of two or more fibres.
Fibres can be defined as the hair-like basic unit of raw material used in making yarns and fabrics. Nkeonye (2009) defined fibre as a unit of matter characterized by flexibility and fitness and a high ratio of length to thickness. Fibres can be classified according to their sources or origins. Anyakoha and Eluwa (2010) classified fibre into two which include natural and synthetic or man-made fibre. Anyakoha and Eluwa stated that natural fibres are obtained from natural sources, either from plants or animal. Those obtained from plant are called vegetable fibres examples are cotton flax and ramie among others. While those obtained from animals are called animal fibres examples are Wool and Silk among others. Man-made or manufactured fibres are produced from the chemical treatment of certain raw materials like wood pulp, petroleum, natural gas and air among others. There are two types of man-made fibres: cellulose base and non cellulose base fibres. Anyakoha and Eluwa (2010), noted that cellulose base fibres are produced primarily from wood-pulp, cotton linter with minimum of chemical steps examples are rayon, acetate and triacetate. While non cellulose base fibres are made from molecules that come from petroleum, natural gas, air and water. Examples of fibre made from non cellulose base fibres are nylon and polyester.